Yoshimi Hyakukutsu (One Hundred Caves of Yoshimi)

Overview

Yoshimi Hyakukutsu, located in Yoshimi-machi, Hiki-gun, Saitama Prefecture, is a group of late Kofun period horizontal shaft tombs boasting the largest scale in Japan. 219 shafts are carved into the slope of a tuff rock mountain, creating a magnificent sight. Each shaft has an entrance of about one meter in diameter, opening into a slightly wider interior. Built in the late Kofun period (around the 6th-7th centuries), many shafts feature a pedestal-like structure similar to those found in Kofun tombs, where coffins were likely placed. In some areas, the shafts are arranged neatly, suggesting a later construction period. Most shafts are open for exploration, but some are fitted with iron grills, restricting access to the interior. One shaft houses a colony of *Hikari-goke* (luminescent moss), designated as a national natural monument. Due to recent desiccation and the resulting decline in the *Hikari-goke* population, iron grills have been installed at the entrances as a conservation measure. Yoshimi Hyakukutsu is more than just a historical site; it's a valuable historical legacy that reflects the culture and lifestyle of the time. Explore the shafts, stroll along the walking paths, and feel the breath of ancient people. During the Pacific War, an underground military factory for Nakajima Aircraft was constructed in this rocky mountain. Some remnants still exist, offering a glimpse into the war's impact. Yoshimi Hyakukutsu is a fascinating spot for history buffs and anyone interested in nature and culture. Be sure to visit!