Guida
The Usui Third Bridge, located in Matsuida-cho, Annaka City, Gunmed Prefecture, is the largest brick arch bridge in Japan. It is affectionately known as the 'Megane Bridge' (Spectacles Bridge) due to its unique shape. Built at the challenging Usui Pass, a historically difficult section for railways, this structure represents the pinnacle of engineering from the era of the Abt system railway. Now designated as a National Important Cultural Property, the bridge's reddish-brown brick arches offer an overwhelming sense of artistic beauty and historical grandeur.
This bridge was a vital part of the Shin'etsu Main Line, which connected Takasaki and Naoetsu stations. It stands as a significant monument to the history of the 'Abt system'—a specialized railway technology used to overcome steep gradients during the Meiji era. The construction involved both international expertise, such as the British engineer Charles Assheton Whately Pownall, and Japanese engineers. The structure has survived many challenges, including historical structural issues that required massive reinforcement, eventually becoming the stable monument seen today. In 1993, it was designated as an Important Cultural Property, symbolizing the technological evolution of Japanese railways.
The most striking feature is the grand four-span brick arch structure. Spanning 91 meters in length and rising 31 meters from the riverbed, it is estimated that approximately 2 million bricks were used in its construction. The sheer scale and the precision of the masonry make it a true work of art. Today, instead of trains, the area features the 'Abt no Michi' (Abt Path) walking trail, allowing visitors to walk alongside the historic structure and look up at the magnificent arches from a close perspective.
The area offers a different charm in every season. The autumn season is particularly famous, as the vibrant colors of the fall foliage create a breathtaking contrast against the red bricks. This harmony of natural color and historical architecture makes it a paradise for photographers. During daylight hours, the sunlight highlights the texture and intricate details of the bricks, making it the ideal time for photography and deep appreciation of the engineering.
Beyond simple sightseeing, you can enjoy a historical walk. By following the 'Abt no Michi' path starting from Yokokawa Station, you can experience the route once traveled by trains. Nearby, facilities like the 'Usui Pass Railway Culture Village' allow you to learn more about the history of Japanese railways through exhibits of vintage rolling stock. A stroll through this historical landscape offers a peaceful escape from daily life.
There are several spots nearby to enhance your historical journey. The 'Old Maruyama Substation,' a brick structure also designated as an Important Cultural Property, is available for viewing. The 'Usui Pass Railway Culture Village' is another excellent destination for families and railway enthusiasts. Additionally, near JR Yokokawa Station, you can find local accommodations where you can enjoy regional delicacies, making it easy to combine a historical walk with a relaxing stay.
As the area features natural terrain, walking paths, and stairs, we strongly recommend wearing comfortable walking shoes or sneakers. The 'Abt no Michi' path has some elevation changes, so sturdy footwear is essential. Since this is an outdoor site, bringing a foldable umbrella or raincoat is wise in case of sudden weather changes. To protect the historical site and the natural environment, please ensure you take all your trash with you and refrain from entering restricted areas.