Guida
Tsukui Castle is a historical mountain castle site located in Sagamihara City, Kanagawa Prefecture. Today, it is developed as the 'Tsukui Kohoyama Park,' creating a space where ancient castle fortifications and lush nature coexist. The site is characterized by its visible defensive structures, such as earthworks (dorui), moats (horikiri), and stone foundations, allowing visitors to visually grasp the strategic layout of a traditional Japanese mountain fortress. Near the summit, the presence of Iinuma Shrine adds a spiritual dimension to the natural landscape, offering a serene atmosphere for exploration.
The origins of Tsukui Castle are said to date back to the Kamakura period, established by the Tsui clan. During the Sengoku (Warring States) period, it served as a vital strategic point connecting Kai and Odawara, and was heavily utilized by the Hojo clan. In 1590, during the Siege of Odawara, the castle surrendered to the forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu, after which it came under the direct control of the Tokugawa clan. Nearby, traces of the 'Oyashiki' (the lord's residence) and administrative centers can still be identified, providing a deep sense of the region's former political importance.
The ruins are dotted with various defensive features, including 'horikiri' (trenches cut into slopes), 'tatebori' (vertical grooves), and 'dorui' (earthen embankments). The arrangement of the 'kurawa' (enclosures) near the summit is a remarkable example of how ancient engineers utilized natural topography for defense. Another fascinating feature is the 'Takara-ike' pond located east of Iinuma Shrine; this reservoir was part of the castle's water management system, ensuring a reliable water supply during sieges. Archaeological excavations have also uncovered fragments of ceramics and building foundations, highlighting the site's significant academic and historical value.
As the site is maintained as a public park, it is accessible for walks throughout the year. Spring and summer are particularly beautiful, showcasing vibrant greenery and natural landscapes. Since the site is popular for hiking, visiting during daylight hours is highly recommended. On clear days, the view from the summit can be breathtaking, sometimes offering a distant view of the Shinjuku skyline or even the Tokyo Skytree in the far distance.
The primary activity here is hiking and exploring historical ruins. As you walk through the well-maintained paths, you can physically experience the scale of the fortifications, such as the walls and trenches. For a more educational experience, the Park Center provides maps and historical documents that help visitors understand the complex structures of the castle, making your visit feel like a professional field study.
The area surrounding the castle ruins is blessed with the scenic Tsukui Lake (a dammed lake). Visitors can enjoy the harmony between the historical castle-site and the beautiful lakeside scenery. The surrounding districts also retain the names and atmosphere of the former castle towns that once supported the fortress.