Guida
Yamanoue no Hi is an ancient stone monument erected in 681 AD during the Asuka period, located in Yamana-machi, Takasaki City, Gunma Prefecture. It is recognized as the oldest stone monument in Japan that remains in a complete form. This monument is a vital historical site that illustrates the daily lives of ancient people, the introduction of Kanji (Chinese characters) from the continent, and how Buddhism became deeply rooted in Japanese society. Today, it is designated as a Special National Historic Site along with the adjacent Yamanoue Kofun.
The monument was erected in 681 AD by a monk named Chori, who served at the Hokko-ji temple, in memory of his mother, Kurometo-ji. The inscription details the lineage of Chori's mother and his paternal family. His mother was a descendant of the Ke-mori lineage, who managed the Sano-mitsu family territory under the Yamato administration, while his paternal side belonged to the Shinkawa clan, a powerful local family at the southern foot of Mount Akagi. Based on the discovery of roof tiles inscribed with 'Hokko-ji' at the Sanno Abandoned Temple in Maebashi, it is believed that the temple where Chori served was indeed this site. This connection highlights the advanced philosophical and religious landscape of the era.
The primary attractions are the stone monument itself and the neighboring Yamanoue Kofun. The monument is crafted from hard spessartine and stands 111 cm high, 47 cm wide, and 52 cm thick. It features 53 characters of Kanji arranged in four vertical columns, demonstrating the unique way Japanese characters were used according to the grammar of that time. The adjacent Yamanoue Kofun is a circular mound (enpun) with a diameter of 15 meters, featuring a lateral stone chamber built with tuff-stone blocks. This tomb, likely constructed in the first half to mid-7th century, is older than the monument and is believed to be the resting place of Kurometo-ji.
Yamanoue no Hi and the Yamanoue Kofun are open-air historical sites. While there are no seasonal restrictions, it is highly recommended to visit during bright daylight hours. This allows for a clearer observation of the delicate characters carved into the stone and the intricate stone structures of the burial mound. A daytime stroll allows you to trace the footsteps of history in a peaceful setting.
Visitors can experience a deep connection to ancient family bonds and cultural transmission through the written word. By deciphering the story of 'Chori recording this for his mother,' you can reflect on the lives of people from over 1,300 years ago. Additionally, observing the structure of the lateral stone chamber (yokoana-shiki sekishitsu) provides a practical way to learn about ancient Japanese burial techniques and architectural styles.
The area is dotted with other historical monuments known as the 'Ueno Sanbi' (Three Monuments of Ueno), such as the Tago Monument and the Kanaizawa Monument. These are significant cultural heritages related to the 'Memory of the World.' Takasaki City offers many other historical ruins, making this an excellent stop for a historical walking tour.
As this is an outdoor historical site, the terrain may not be perfectly flat. We recommend wearing comfortable walking shoes. To better observe the inscriptions, you may wish to bring a camera or a notebook. Please respect the site and refrain from touching the stone monument or the structures of the ancient tomb.