Guida
The Former Takano Family Residence (Kanzou Yashiki) is a traditional residence from the late Edo period located in Koshu City, Yamanashi Prefecture. This site is far more than just an old building; it is a highly valuable historical structure designated as a National Important Cultural Property. The name 'Kanzou Yashiki' (Licorice Residence) stems from its history of cultivating 'Kanzou' (licorice), a medicinal plant that was once supplied to the Shogunate. Today, the site is maintained as a historical park, where the main house, various outbuildings, gardens, and stone walls form a cohesive landscape that preserves the lifestyle and architectural techniques of the era.
The Takano family held the status of 'Osabyakusho' (high-ranking farmers/officials) in this region, possessing a social standing that allowed them to use surnames and swords toward the end of the Edo period. A significant historical turning point occurred during the reign of the 8th Shogun, Tokugawa Yoshimune (mid-18th century), when the Shogunate's medicinal inspectors examined the licorice plants within the estate and ordered their cultivation and management as official Shogunate supplies. The main house, built in the early 19th century, originally featured a thatched roof but was later updated with copper plating for preservation. After being donated to the city in 1993, the entire estate, including surrounding buildings and land, was designated as an Important Cultural Property.
The most striking feature is the main house, which boasts a 'two-tier Tsukkiage roof'—a distinctive architectural style of the Koshu region designed to optimize lighting and ventilation. This structure was influenced by the local sericulture (silk farming) culture. The interior features a three-layer structure, where the upper level was historically used for drying licorice. The layout includes a traditional earthen floor (doma) on the east side, and living spaces such as the 'Idoko' (living room), 'Ima' (sitting room), and a Buddhist altar room on the west side. The-altar room is particularly ingenious, designed to serve multiple functions depending on the guests. Other structures like the Tatsumi-kura (storehouse), stables, east gate, and small granaries offer a complete view of a late Edo to early Meiji period estate.
From February 11th to April 18th, the site hosts the 'Enzan Tengenkyo Hina Dolls and Peach Blossom Festival.' During this period, visitors can view exquisite Kyo-hina and Kokin-hina dolls, Goshonin dolls, and seasonal hanging decorations. This is a wonderful time to experience Japanese tradition alongside the blooming peach flowers. While daytime visits are ideal for observing architectural details, visiting during these seasonal festivals provides a much deeper connection to the local history.
Visitors can experience the structure of a traditional Japanese farmhouse up close. The three-layered main house and the practical use of the upper floor for drying plants serve as living witnesses to history. The vast historical park allows for a relaxing stroll through a landscape of stone walls, ponds, and wells, offering a serene atmosphere that transports you back to the Edo period.
The area is dotted with historic temples and hot spring facilities. Nearby landmarks such as Kogyakuji, Sugata Tenjinsha, Keirinj, and Hokko-ji temples can be incorporated into a historical walking route. Additionally, the nearby Sengan Onsen makes this an excellent destination for those wishing to relax after a day of cultural exploration.
To protect the historical structures, please be mindful of your steps when entering buildings, as you may be required to remove your shoes. As the grounds are spacious, comfortable walking shoes are highly recommended.