Guida
Kusatsu Onsen is a premier hot spring resort located in Kusatsu Town, Agatsuma District, Gunma Prefecture. It is renowned for its extraordinary natural water discharge, recording over 32,300 liters per minute, which draws travelers from all over the world. Situated at an altitude of 1,100 to 1,200 meters, the area offers a refreshing atmosphere with the majestic Mt. Kusatsu-Shirane visible to the northwest. The water is characterized as a highly acidic, low-chloride hot spring with a pH of approximately 2.0. This strong acidity is not only known for its high sterilization and medicinal properties but also serves as a fundamental element that shapes the unique landscape and culture of the town.
The history of Kusatsu Onsen is profound, with records dating back to the Muromachi period when it was recognized as one of the three most famous hot springs in Japan. During the Edo period, it was highly ranked as 'Ozeki' (the highest grade) in the hot spring rankings. One of its most iconic traditions is 'Yumomi'—a method of cooling the hot water by stirring it with wooden boards while singing traditional songs. The very name 'Kusatsu' is said to derive from 'Kusamizu' (smelly water), referring to the distinct scent of sulfur-rich hot springs, a characteristic that has been an integral part of the town's identity for centuries.
The heart of the town is the 'Yubatake' (Hot Water Field), a central landmark where the steaming hot spring water flows through a complex system of wooden channels. This area is a spectacular sight where visitors can observe the process of cooling the water and collecting 'Yunohana' (mineral crystals). To the west lies 'Nishi-no-Kawara Park,' a beautiful walking area where you can observe hot springs bubbling up from the earth. Other notable spots include 'Shirahata' and the historic Jizo area, all of which allow visitors to feel the dynamic energy of the geothermal springs.
Kusatsu Onsen is beautiful year-round, but each season offers a unique charm. The Yubatake area is particularly magical at night when it is illuminated, creating a mystical atmosphere. Due to its high altitude, visitors can also enjoy the breathtaking sight of hot springs steaming amidst a snowy landscape during the winter months. The changing colors of the surrounding nature provide a stunning backdrop for your soak.
Visitors can witness the traditional 'Yumomi' technique firsthand. Many local inns offer 'Uchi-yu Meguri' (public bath hopping) services, allowing you to experience various different spring sources from different establishments. You may also find 'Te-arai no Yu'—facilities for washing hands with the spring water—scattered throughout the town, providing a way to connect with the local mineral-rich water during your stroll.
The town is surrounded by the natural beauty of the Kusatsu-Shirane National Park. The nearby Mt. Kusatsu-Shirane offers breathtaking mountain scenery that complements the hot spring experience. Seasonal buses are available to help you explore the surrounding mountainous landscapes and nearby sightseeing spots.
Comfortable walking shoes are highly recommended for exploring the town's streets. Since the water is highly acidic, it is wise to be prepared with extra towels and change of clothes. Please respect local rules when using the hot spring facilities.