Guida
Kemari is a traditional Japanese ball game that was widely enjoyed by aristocrats during the Heian period. The objective is to keep a ball, made by sewing two pieces of deer leather together, in the air by kicking it at a certain height. Rather than competing to win, the essence of Kemari lies in mental concentration and harmony—ensuring the ball is kicked gently and gracefully so that the next person can easily receive it. Even today, the tradition is preserved through rituals and practice sessions where participants wear traditional attire and follow historical protocols.
The origins of Kemari are said to trace back to movements introduced from China during the Asuka and Nara periods. It developed into a courtly sport during the Heian period, becoming a staple of entertainment for the Emperor and the nobility. Its significance grew when Emperor Go-Shirakawa stood in the ball court, leading aristocrats to establish dedicated practice areas called "Mari-ba" within their estates. From the Kamakura to the Muromachi periods, it spread to the samurai class, establishing its status as a "Geido" (artistic way) rather than just a game.
During the Edo period, while it gained popularity among commoners, the culture shifted from an active participation to a more observational one due to regulations by traditional families and changes in technique. Although it faced decline after the Meiji Restoration, a "Kemari Preservation Society" was established in 1907 following the wishes of the Emperor, ensuring that the traditional forms are protected to this day.
The greatest charm of Kemari is its elegant movement and the stunning traditional costumes. Participants wear distinctive attire that evokes a sense of history, such as the "Tate-eboshi" (hat), "Kemari-mizuhiki" (clothing), and "Kemari-hakama" (trousers). Additionally, specific rhythmic calls like "Ari," "Ya," and "Oh" are exchanged during the game to maintain synchronization. The ideal height for a kick is approximately 4.5 meters, and great importance is placed on the rotation and the resonant sound of the ball.
Kemari is often performed during specific seasons or at certain shrines. For example, you can witness "Kemari Hajime" (New Year's Kemari) at Shimogamo Shrine in January, the "Kigen-sai" at Kamigamo Shrine in February, and various seasonal festivals at Shiramine Shrine in April and July. Opportunities to observe or experience it vary by period; for instance, Minase Shrine holds practice sessions on the 1st and 3rd Sundays from March to July and September to November. In modern settings, sessions often follow a natural flow, concluding when the sun sets or participants reach a point of fatigue.
Currently, activities to preserve these traditional techniques are centered around the Kyoto area. In Kyotamba Town, the "Kemari Maru-yu-kai" preserves the art of making Kemari balls using traditional "Hanname" (half-tanned leather) techniques. In Osaka, the "Minase-no KEMARI Club" occasionally hosts sessions where you can experience the game in traditional attire. These are precious opportunities to learn not just the game, but also the craftsmanship of the balls and the historical etiquette involved.
Key locations associated with Kemari include historical shrines in Kyoto (such as Shimogamo Shrine, Kamigamo Shrine, Shiramine Shrine, and Fujimori Shrine) and Minase Shrine in Osaka. These areas are surrounded by historic architecture and lush nature, allowing you to enjoy sightseeing alongside this traditional culture.
When participating in a Kemari ritual or experience, traditional attire is typically used. For general spectators, there is no specific dress code, but when visiting shrines, please observe standard etiquette for sacred spaces.