Panduan
The Koya Family Residence (Kanzou Yashiki) is a traditional residence from the late Edo period located in Koshu City, Yamanashi Prefecture. More than just an old building, it is a highly valuable historical structure designated as a National Important Cultural Property. Its name, 'Kanzou Yashiki' (Licorice Mansion), stems from its history of cultivating 'Kanzou' (medicinal licorice) to be supplied to the Shogunate. Today, the site is developed as a historical park, where the main house, various outbuildings, gardens, and stone walls form a cohesive historical landscape that preserves the lifestyle and architectural techniques of the era.
The Koya family held the status of 'Osabyakusho' (high-ranking farmers/officials) in this region, possessing a social standing that even allowed for the use of surnames and swords during the late Edo period. A pivotal moment occurred during the reign of the 8th Shogun, Tokugawa Yoshimune (mid-18th century), when the Shogunate's official herbalists inspected the licorice grown on this estate and ordered its cultivation and management as an official Shogunate resource. The main house, built in the early 19th century, originally featured a thatched roof but was later replaced with copper plating for preservation. After being donated to the city in 1993, the surrounding buildings and land were also designated as Important Cultural Properties.
The most striking feature is the main house with its 'two-tier raised roof' (Nidan no Tsukiage-yane), a characteristic architectural style of the Koshu region designed for optimal light and ventilation, influenced by the local sericulture (silk farming) culture. The interior features a three-story structure, where the upper level was historically used for drying licorice. The layout includes a 'doma' (earthen floor) on the east side, and living spaces such as the 'Idoko' (living room), 'Butsuma' (Buddhist altar room), and a tea room on the west. The versatility of the Butsuma, which could adapt its function to suit guests, showcases the practical wisdom of the time. Other structures like the Tatsumi-kura (storehouse), stables, east gate, and small sheds also preserve the atmosphere of a late Edo to early Meiji period estate.
From February 11th to April 18th, the 'Enzan Tougenkyo Hina Doll & Peach Blossom Festival' is held. During this period, visitors can see exquisite traditional displays, including Kyo-hina and Kokin-hina dolls, as well as hanging decorations (Tsurushi-kazari). This offers a beautiful way to experience Japanese traditional culture alongside the blooming peach blossoms of spring. While daytime is perfect for observing architectural details and the garden, visiting during these seasonal events provides a much deeper connection to the local history.
Visitors can observe the structural intricacies of traditional Japanese folk architecture up close. The three-story main house, the functional earthen floors, and the upper drying levels serve as living witnesses to history that cannot be fully grasped through textbooks alone. The vast historical park allows for a peaceful stroll through a landscape of stone walls, ponds, and wells, offering a sense of stepping back in time.
The area is dotted with historic temples and hot spring facilities. Nearby landmarks such as Kogyakuji, Kogenji, and Sukeda Tenjin Shrine can be incorporated into a historical walking route. Additionally, the nearby Enzan Onsen makes this an ideal location to relax after your historical exploration.
To protect the historical structures, please be mindful of your movements when entering buildings. You may be required to remove your shoes. As the grounds are spacious, comfortable walking shoes are highly recommended. Cash is required for certain expenses, such as parking fees.