Guide
The Usui Third Viaduct, located in Annaka, Gunma Prefecture, is the largest brick arch bridge in Japan. It is widely known by its affectionate nickname, 'Megane Bridge' (Spectacles Bridge), due to its distinctive shape. Built to overcome the challenging terrain of the Usui Pass, this bridge represents the pinnacle of engineering from the era of the Abt system railway. Today, it is designated as an Important Cultural Property of Japan. The sight of the reddish-brown brick arches creates an overwhelming sense of artistic beauty and historical weight.
This bridge was a vital component of the Shin'etsu Main Line, which connected Takasaki and Naoetsu stations. It stands as a significant monument to the 'Abt system'—a specialized railway technology used to navigate steep gradients during the Meiji era. The design involved both British engineers, such as Charles Assheton Whately Pownall, and Japanese technicians. The structure has a storied past, having undergone major reinforcements after early concerns regarding its structural integrity. Designated as an Important Cultural Property in 1993, it serves as a symbol of Japan's industrial and railway evolution.
The most striking feature is the magnificent four-span brick arch. Spanning 91 meters in length and reaching a height of 31 meters from the riverbed, the structure incorporates approximately 2 million bricks. The sheer scale and the precision of the masonry make it a true work of art. Today, instead of trains, the 'Apto no Michi' (Abt Path) walking trail allows visitors to walk directly alongside the tracks, offering a close-up view of the massive historical structure from below.
The area offers different charms throughout the seasons. The autumn season is particularly famous; the contrast between the vibrant red and orange autumn leaves and the deep red bricks creates a breathtaking landscape. This is a premier destination for photographers. For those wishing to appreciate the intricate textures and structural details of the brickwork, visiting during bright daylight hours is highly recommended.
Beyond simple sightseeing, you can enjoy a historical walk. By using the 'Apto no Michi' trail that continues from Yokogawa Station, you can follow the path once traveled by historic trains. The surrounding area also features the 'Usui Pass Railway Culture Village,' where you can learn about the history of Japanese railway development through various exhibits and historical displays. A walk through this historical landscape offers a peaceful escape from daily life.
There are several spots nearby to deepen your historical experience. The 'Old Maruyama Substation,' a brick structure and an Important Cultural Property, is available for viewing. The 'Usui Pass Railway Culture Village' is also nearby, making it an excellent destination for families and railway enthusiasts. Additionally, there are accommodations near JR Yokogawa Station that offer local cuisine, allowing you to extend your stay and enjoy the historical atmosphere of the region.
As the area features natural terrain with walking paths and stairs, we strongly recommend wearing comfortable walking shoes or sneakers. If you plan to walk the 'Apto no Michi' trail, be prepared for some uneven surfaces. Since this is an outdoor site, carrying a folding umbrella or raincoat is wise in case of sudden weather changes. To protect the historical site and the natural environment, please carry your trash home and avoid entering restricted areas.