Uenohara Site

Overview & Highlights

The Uenohara Site is an extremely significant archaeological site located on a plateau approximately 250m above sea level in eastern Kirishima City, Kagoshima Prefecture. It is renowned as one of the oldest large-scale settlement sites in Japan. Evidence shows that people were already living in permanent settlements here approximately 10,600 years ago (Early Jomon period). Today, the site is preserved as the "Uenohara Jomon Forest" historical park, where visitors can learn about life thousands of years ago through an exhibition hall, reconstructed dwellings, and geological observation facilities.

History & Cultural Background

The history of this site spans a vast timeline, representing a complex archaeological record from the early Jomon period through to the medieval era. During the stage of approximately 10,600 years ago, a large-scale settlement was established, with 52 pit dwellings identified. Around 8,600 years ago, the site also functioned as a ritual space, serving not just as a living area but as a spiritual center. Furthermore, about 4,400 years ago, an "animal trap" was constructed, indicating the site's use for hunting. Geological layers reveal how the land's purpose evolved over time, from the Jomon period to the Kofun period, the medieval era, and even into modern military and agricultural use.

Key Attractions

The greatest draw of the site is the diverse collection of artifacts and structures that vividly illustrate ancient life. The exhibition hall showcases an immense collection of approximately 150,000 artifacts, including particularly striking pottery and stone tools. For example, the pottery from the early Jomon period features exquisite "S-shaped" and "swirl" patterns, showcasing the high level of craftsmanship and aesthetic sense of the time. Other notable finds include ritual sites where jar-shaped pottery was buried, providing insight into their spiritual culture. Visitors can also experience the weight of history through the sight of pit dwellings preserved within volcanic ash layers and stone hearths used for cooking.

Best Times to Visit

Located in the scenic Kirishima area, the site is surrounded by lush nature. While the scenery changes with the seasons, a stroll through the park is particularly pleasant when the greenery is vibrant or when the air is crisp and clear. We recommend visiting the exhibition hall during daylight hours to better observe the intricate patterns on the pottery and the detailed layers of the earth. Since the site offers views of the Kirishima mountain range and Sakurajima, clear days provide a stunning combination of historical and natural landscapes.

Experiences & Activities

"Uenohara Jomon Forest" offers more than just a visual tour; it provides a multi-dimensional understanding of history. At the reconstructed pit dwellings, you can visually grasp the structure and scale of ancient homes. At the geological observation center, you can directly observe the complex layering of earth, including volcanic ash from Sakurajima, learning how the landscape and human life changed over millennia. This provides a tangible sense of archaeological discovery that goes beyond what is found in textbooks.

Surrounding Area

The site is situated within a historical park in Kirishima City, surrounded by the iconic natural landscapes of the Kirishima mountain range and Sakurajima. After your historical exploration, you can relax at nearby hot spring resorts (Onsen) in the Kirishima area. The location is also relatively accessible from the Kokubu Interchange, making it a convenient stop for travelers coming from Kagoshima City or the airport.

Essential Information

Payment Methods

• Cash (Small change and 1,000 yen notes are recommended)
• Credit card availability varies by specific facility; please check in advance.

English Support

• English signage and basic explanations may be available in the exhibition hall. For detailed guidance, checking in advance is recommended.

Reservations

• No prior reservation is generally required, but groups or special events should confirm in advance.

Clothing & Essentials

• As the site is a natural park, comfortable walking shoes (such as sneakers) are highly recommended.
• When exploring the outdoor reconstructed dwellings, please bring sun protection (hat/parasol) or seasonal clothing as appropriate.

Photography

• Please follow the instructions at the facility regarding photography. There may be restrictions on flash usage or certain prohibited areas.

Accessibility

• The park contains some uneven terrain and unpaved paths. If using a wheelchair or stroller, we recommend checking the route in advance.

Manners & Etiquette

• This is a national historical site and a precious cultural asset. Please strictly follow the rules: do not touch the exhibits or the ancient structures.
• Please help keep the park clean by taking your trash with you.