Guide
The Nakamura-ke Residence, located in Chubu Village, Nakagusku, Okinawa, is a highly significant historical structure designated as a National Important Cultural Property. This residence preserves the architectural characteristics of high-ranking farmer households in pre-war Okinawa with remarkable precision. It is extremely rare to find a residence on Okinawa Main Island that has maintained its original layout and structure so intact despite the heavy battles of World War II. It serves as a vital site for visually understanding the history and culture of the Ryukyu Islands.
The history of the Nakamura family is ancient, with roots linked to the official Gessanmar. Legend tells of an ancestor who moved from Yomitan to Nakagusuku Castle alongside his mentor. Over the centuries, the family held significant roles in the community, such as serving as the Jito (local administrator) around 1720. The architecture symbolizes the historical transitions of Okinawa; it was recognized by the Ryukyu Government and later designated as a National Important Cultural Property by the Japanese government upon the reversion of Okinawa in 1972. This designation proves that the traditional Okinawan way of life holds immense cultural value beyond mere housing.
The Nakamura-ke Residence features many traditional Okinawan architectural elements. One of the first things to notice is the 'Hinpun' (privacy wall) that separates the entrance, a design inspired by Chinese 'Screen Gates' adapted to the Okinawan style. You will also see Shisa (guardian lion) statues perched on the roofs, reflecting traditional spiritual beliefs. Other notable structures include the 'Ashagi' (detached building), the 'Takakura' (granary for storing grains), and the 'Furu' (pigsty), all of which illustrate the daily life of the era. Exploring these sites provides a deep understanding of the historical rhythm of life and spatial organization.
The residence offers a different-looking landscape depending on the season. The months of November and December are particularly beautiful, as the paths and surrounding greenery are lush and serene. For instance, during the blooming season of the Camellia trees near the pond, visitors can enjoy the harmony between the historic architecture and Okinawa's natural beauty. Additionally, the atmosphere after a light rain is quite striking, as the moisture enhances the textures of the historical buildings and the vibrant green of the surrounding flora.
Visitors can experience more than just a simple tour; you can learn about the 'Funshee' (Feng Shui) principles that dictate the layout of the residence. For example, the relationship between the Asagi (guest room) located in the southeast and the Furu (pigsty/latrine) in the northwest reveals how people once perceived nature and direction. Walking through the garden paths also allows you to encounter native Okinawan plants such as Camellia, Hibiscus, and Sandanica, creating a holistic experience of architecture and nature integrated together.
The area surrounding the Nakamura-ke Residence is dotted with sites that deepen your understanding of Okinawan history. The nearby Nakagusuku Castle Ruins are a must-visit, and exploring both sites together will provide a much richer perspective on the castle towns and the living culture of the Ryukyu Kingdom.
Please act with respect toward this historical site. Because the grounds hold high cultural value, please be mindful of the surrounding nature and the integrity of the buildings. We recommend wearing comfortable walking shoes suitable for exploring the grounds and observing the natural surroundings.