Guide
The Former Takano Family Residence (Kanzosho) is a quintessential example of a late Edo-period residence located in Koshu City, Yamanashi Prefecture. Far more than just an old building, this site is a highly significant historical structure designated as a National Important Cultural Property. Its name, 'Kanzosho' (Licorice House), stems from its history of cultivating 'Kanzō' (licorice), a medicinal plant, to be supplied to the Shogunate. Today, the site is maintained as a historical park, featuring the main residence, various outbuildings, a garden, and stone walls, offering a profound look into the lifestyle and architectural ingenuity of the era.
The Takano family held the status of 'Osabyakusho' (high-ranking farmers/officials), a position that even allowed them to wear swords and use surnames toward the end of the Edo period. A pivotal moment occurred during the reign of the 8th Shogun, Tokugawa Yoshimune (mid-18th century), when Shogunate herbalists inspected the licorice grown on the premises and ordered its cultivation and management as an official Shogunate resource. The main house, a 19th-century structure, originally featured a thatched roof but was later updated with copper plating for preservation. After being donated to the city in 1993, the entire estate, including surrounding buildings and land, was designated as an Important Cultural Property.
The most striking feature is the main house's 'two-tiered Tsukiage roof,' a characteristic architectural style of the Koshu region designed to optimize light and ventilation. This structure was influenced by the local sericulture (silk farming) culture. The interior features a three-story layout, where the upper level was historically used for drying licorice. The ground floor includes a traditional earthen floor (doma) to the east, and living spaces such as the 'Idoko' (living area), 'Ima' (sitting room), 'Butsuma' (Buddhist altar room), and a tea room to the west. The design of the altar room, which could be adapted for guests, showcases the practical wisdom of the time. Other outbuildings, such as the storage house (Tatsumi-kura), stables, and gates, preserve the atmosphere of a late Edo to early Meiji-era estate.
From February 11 to April 18, the 'Enzan Tengoku: Hina Dolls and Peach Blossom Festival' is held. During this period, visitors can see exquisite Kyo-hina and Koko-hina dolls, imperial-style dolls, and traditional hanging decorations. The sight of blooming peach blossoms in spring provides a beautiful backdrop to experience traditional Japanese culture. While daytime visits are ideal for observing architectural details and the garden, visiting during these seasonal festivals offers a deeper connection to the local history.
Visitors can experience the structural intricacies of traditional Japanese folk architecture up close. The three-story main house and the functional layout of the living spaces serve as living witnesses to history that cannot be fully understood through textbooks alone. The expansive historical park allows for a relaxing stroll through the stone walls, ponds, and wells, immersing you in the atmosphere of an Edo-period estate.
The area is dotted with historic temples and hot spring facilities. Nearby sites such as Kogakuji, Sugata Tenjinsha, Rinpoji, and Koryuji temples can be integrated into a historical walking tour. Additionally, the nearby Sentoen Onsen makes this an excellent destination for relaxing after your historical exploration.
To protect the historical structures, please be mindful of your footing. You may be asked to remove your shoes when entering certain areas. As the site is quite large, comfortable walking shoes are highly recommended. Please note that cash may be required for parking fees.