Guide
Kunitoshi Castle is a mountain fortress located in Saki, Mihama Town, eastern Fukui Prefecture. During the Sengoku period, it played a vital role in defending the borders of Wakasa and Tsuruga provinces. The castle's reputation for being an impregnable stronghold is etched in history, particularly due to its ability to repel repeated invasions by the Asakura clan during the famous 'Kunitoshi Siege.' While once known as Saki Castle, the name Kunitoshi Castle became firmly established through historical records. Today, it serves as a significant historical site where visitors can explore archaeological remains and learn about the past through local-scale exhibits.
The history of Kunitoshi Castle dates back to 1556 (Koji 2), when Katsu-hisa of the Awaya clan, a high-ranking official of the Takeda clan (the lords of Wakasa), utilized the ancient site to build a fortified position. In 1563 (Eiroku 6), the castle successfully repelled a fierce attack from the Echizen Asakura clan and maintained its defense for the following decade. This resilience is documented in the 'Kunitoshi Kojo-ki' (Records of the Kunitoshi Siege). The strategic importance of this site is further highlighted by the fact that in 1570, an army of 30,000 led by Oda Nobunaga entered the castle. The presence of legendary figures such as Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Tokugawa Ieyasu, and Akechi Mitsunaga in this region underscores its immense strategic value. During the Edo period, the castle was decommissioned by the Sakai clan of the Obama Domain, and a town magistrate's office was built on the site. The surrounding Saki town subsequently flourished as a post town, forming the origins of the modern-day Saki settlement.
The greatest attraction is the Honmaru (inner sanctum) ruins, situated at an altitude of 197.3m. As you climb the winding paths and steep stairs to reach the summit, you can truly feel the sensation of approaching a 'formidable fortress.' Upon reaching the Honmaru, you will encounter massive foundation stone groups and large stone bases revealed through archaeological excavations. You can also observe the traces of stone walls that utilized the natural terrain, providing a visual understanding of the large-scale renovations made under the Toyotomi administration. The view from the Honmaru is spectacular, offering a wide-angle vista of the grand nature of Wakasa and the peaceful townscape of Saki below.
Kunitoshi Castle transforms with the changing seasons. In spring, visitors are welcomed by cherry blossoms in the Saki town below and the blooming Shadakucha (Japanese Archangel) flowers around the ruins. In summer, the white-leafed 'Hange-sho' plants create a unique and striking landscape. Autumn brings beautiful foliage to the nearby Shozen-ji and Tokusho-ji temples, while winter offers a serene, silent landscape blanketed in white snow. For the best experience, we recommend visiting during daylight hours to clearly observe the intricate details of the stone walls and the panoramic views from the summit.
Walking through the castle ruins offers a wonderful way to feel the weight of history. While the paths to the Honmaru are maintained, the steep inclines provide a refreshing sense of hiking through nature. For a deeper understanding of the site, visitors should visit the 'Wakasa Kunitoshi Castle Historical Museum' at the foot of the mountain. The museum features dioramas, samurai armor, and exhibits regarding the various lords of the castle, providing an excellent educational experience regarding the structure of the castle and the lifestyle of the Sengoku period.
The Saki settlement, which retains the atmosphere of the Edo period, lies at the foot of the castle. The historical museum is also located south of the castle ruins, making it a popular first stop before climbing. The surrounding area is dotted with temples that offer beautiful views, allowing you to create a historical walking route that combines the castle ruins with local cultural landmarks.
Because the ascent to the castle involves many winding slopes and stairs, comfortable walking shoes (such as sneakers or hiking shoes) and practical clothing are essential. Please note that there are no restrooms near the Honmaru ruins. It is highly recommended to use the facilities at the historical museum at the foot of the mountain before you begin your climb. As this is a natural environment, please be mindful of environmental preservation and ensure you carry all your trash back with you.