Guide
The Kiusu Shutei Burial Mounds are a massive collective burial site from the late Jomon period (approximately 3,200 years ago) located in Chitose, Hokkaido. The site is characterized by a unique structure known as 'Shutei-bo' (mound-encircled burials), where large circular pits are surrounded by raised earthen embankments. This site is particularly significant for containing some of the largest examples of this burial style in Japan. In 1979, it was designated as a National Historic Site, and in 2021, it was registered as a UNESCO World Heritage site as part of the 'Jomon Prehistoric Sites in Northern Japan.' The sight of these massive earthworks carved into the natural landscape offers a profound connection to the lives and spiritual beliefs of the people of that era.
The name 'Kiusu' is believed to derive from the Ainu word 'Ki-ushi,' meaning 'a place with much grass (miscanthus).' It is thought that this area was once a vast wetland with abundant vegetation. The structure of the Shutei-bo—a circular depression surrounded by an earthen mound—has been the subject of much archaeological study regarding its origin and purpose. While once thought to be a 'Chashi' (fortress), it is now clearly identified as a late Jomon collective burial site. These structures are considered vital ritual sites used to show respect to the deceased and to foster community unity within the settlement.
The scale and structure of the mounds are truly breathtaking. For instance, Mound No. 1 has an outer diameter of approximately 83 meters, making it one of the largest Jomon-era burials visible today. Mound No. 2 features an embankment height of about 5 meters, with an estimated 3,400 cubic meters of earth moved to create it. The ability to construct such massive structures using only the tools of the time suggests a highly organized and cohesive society. Excavations have also yielded stone rods, stone pillars used as grave markers, and decorated pottery and stone tools, all of which are essential for understanding the spiritual culture of the Jomon people.
The site is surrounded by lush nature, offering different scenery throughout the seasons. Observing the changing vegetation can help you visualize the ancient landscape. The site is open from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM. We recommend visiting during the bright daylight hours to clearly observe the subtle undulations of the embankments and the intricate details of the terrain. Please note that ground conditions may change depending on the season and weather.
Visitors can walk along well-maintained paths and viewing decks to experience the massive scale of the embankments up close. Seeing the topography in person provides a sense of scale and human effort that photos cannot convey, allowing you to imagine how the ancient people shaped this landscape. Observing the placement of stone pillars and the shapes of excavated pottery offers a deep dive into the advanced culture and technology of the Jomon period.
Nearby, the 'Chitose City Archaeological Resource Center' showcases precious artifacts such as pottery, stone tools, and stone rods excavated from the site. Visiting the center is a great way to deepen your understanding of the history you witnessed at the mounds. The surrounding landscape still retains the characteristics of the ancient wetlands, blending natural beauty with historical depth.
The site is a natural environment with maintained paths, but it is essentially an outdoor excursion. We highly recommend wearing comfortable walking shoes. To protect the precious archaeological remains, strictly avoid stepping off the designated paths or touching the structures. Photography of the landscape is permitted, but please remain respectful of the site. For any specific facility fees, please check with the local office or official website.