Kawaguchiko Chigo-no-mai

Overview and Charm

Kawaguchiko Chigo-no-mai is a traditional folk performing art passed down through the Kawaguchiko Sengen Jinja shrine in Fujikawaguchiko Town, Minamitsuru District, Yamanashi Prefecture. This dance is believed to have its origins in the Miko-mai (shrine maiden dance) style of Taidai Kagura and is designated as a National Important Intangible Folk Cultural Property. In 1960, it was also designated as a Yamanashi Prefecture Intangible Folk Cultural Property. Locally known as "Odaidai," it is cherished as a culture deeply connected to the spiritual traditions at the foot of Mt. Fuji.

History and Cultural Background

The history of this dance is ancient. Records suggest that during the Edo period, when Mt. Fuji climbing was highly popular, the dance was performed upon the requests of climbers (Dousha) before their ascent. The dancers, known as Chigo, are girls between the ages of 7 and 12. While historically the role was limited to the children of Shinto priests or Oshi (pilgrim guides), it is now widely selected from the children of the local shrine community. To this day, strict traditional protocols are maintained; for example, during the April festival, dancers observe taboos such as abstaining from eating raw foods and performing purification rituals with fire-striking stones every morning.

Main Highlights

The dance consists of a structure called "Go-ban-date," where different ritual tools (implements) are used for each segment. The young girls wear white kosode under scarlet chihaya and finger-protecting hakama, topped with an embroidered jinbaori. Their faces are adorned with traditional makeup, and they wear yora (ornamental headpieces). Holding a bell in their right hand, the dancers perform various dances with different implements in their left hand:

• Gohei-no-mai: A dance using a ritual wand (gohei), performed by 2 or 3 dancers.
• Ogi-no-mai: A dance using fans, performed by 2 or 3 dancers.
• Tsurugi-no-mai: A sword dance performed by a single dancer.
• Happo-no-mai: A complex dance using a ritual wand, performed by 2 dancers.
• Miyameguri-no-mai: A dance involving 8 dancers using fans to circle the area between the worship hall and the main shrine three times.

Recommended Seasons and Times

Because Kawaguchiko Chigo-no-mai is only performed during specific festival periods, it is essential to check the dates before visiting:

• April 25: Performed during the Annual Grand Festival (Reitaisai). The three types of dance—Gohei, Ogi, and Tsurugi—are typically performed.
• July 28: Performed during the Taidai Kagura Festival. During this time, all five types of the dance are presented.

Experience and Activities

This event is a cultural viewing experience rather than an interactive workshop. You can observe the girls performing the traditional rituals in the shrine courtyard or worship hall, accompanied by the rhythmic sounds of the Ohdaiko (large drum) and flutes played by the Hayashi musicians.

Surrounding Area

Kawaguchiko Sengen Jinja is located on the northern shore of Lake Kawaguchiko. The area offers breathtaking views of Mt. Fuji and provides a deep connection to the local history and culture. There are also other traditions of Chigo-mai in the Fujikawaguchiko area that date back to the Taisho era.

Essentials: What to Bring, Clothing, and Etiquette

• Payment: Please carry cash for any food or drinks at nearby facilities or shrine grounds.
• Language Support: English support and signage may be limited during the festival ceremonies.
• Reservations: No prior reservation is required to observe the festival, but please confirm the specific ritual dates in advance.
• Clothing: As this is a shrine visit, modest clothing that covers the shoulders and legs is appropriate.
• Photography: Please follow local instructions regarding photography, as these are sacred religious rituals.